1. Note down in chapter 4:1-14:
   (a) the outward sins which caused the Lord to have a controversy with his people, and
   (b) the inward condition of which these sins were the outcome.
   How far might this description be applied to our society today?
2. 4:15-19. This passage may be interpreted as a warning to the southern kingdom of Judah not totally herself with Israel.
   Why this warning, and what message has it for us?
3. What in chapter 5 are shown to be the real obstacles that separate the people from God, and God from the people?
   Who are charged with responsibility for this condition of things?

Notes

1. 4:15. ‘Beth Aven’: house of wickedness’, used ironically for “Bethel’, ‘house of God’.
2. 4:17. ‘Ephraim’: the leading tribe of the northern kingdom, therefore used as synonym for Israel.
   Only in chapter 13 does it refer to the tribe.
3. 5:7. ‘New Moon’: i.e., the next new moon.
   Within a month run will be upon them.